1	"Brad Rippe" Brad Rippe
2	C++ layout #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { statement1; … statement; return 0; }
3	Storage Containers
4	Variables int someInt = 0; double someDub = 0.0; cout << someInt << endl; cout << someDub << endl; 0 0.0
5	cin/cout cin Sends data from the keyboard >> - extraction operator cin skips blanks and line breaks looking for data cout Sends output to the screen << - insertion operator \n – newline - used with literal text endl; - newline – used when \n can’t be used
6	Undefined Variables int someInt; double someDub; cout << someInt << endl; cout << someDub << endl;
7	Undefined Variables
8	Assignments - Memory
9	Identifiers Names for a variables Part of the human readability Must start with alpha character or “_” Other characters must be characters must be alpha, numeric, or an “_” Case-sensitive someNum is not somenum Should be descriptive of the data they contain Course uses the following style Lowercase letter for the first word All subsequent words are capitalized Can’t be a C++ reserved word
10	Keywords asm false sizeof auto float static bool for static_cast break friend struct case goto switch catch if template char inline this class int throw const long true const_cast mutable try continue namespace typedef
11	More on Variables int main() { int someInt = -35; double someDub = 1.25; return 0; }
12	Assignment Literal Values someInt = 27; someDub = 33.33; Expressions someInt = 27+ 23; someDub = 5.55 * 1.0; Values of other Variables someInt = someOtherInt; someDub = someOtherDub; someInt = someInt2 + someInt3; someDub = someDub2 / someDub3;
13	Initialization in Declarations int someInt = 0, someOtherInt = 22, myInt = 87; double myDub = 2.2, otherDub = 4.55;
14	Assignments int someInt = 0; int someOtherInt = 22; int myInt = 87; double myDub = 2.2; double otherDub = 4.55;
15	Input and Output Streams
16	Predefined Input and Output Provided by iostream #include directive #include <iostream> using namespace std;
17	Output String Literals Enclosed in double quotes Uses the insertion operator << cout << “Hello Class\n” << “Do you prefer Coke or Pespi?\n” << “What was the score of the Laker “ << “Heat Game?\n”;
18	Escape Sequences Text is defined in double quotes “TEXT” Special Characters “\n” – newline “\v” – vertical tab “\r” – carriage return “\a” – alert bell “\”” – double quote “\’” – single quote “\t” – tab “\b” – backspace “\\” – back slash
19	Newlines “\n” is usually used when string literals are output cout << “I love this stuff!\nIsn’t this cool?\n”; cout << “The current lotto numbers are:\n” << lottoNums << endl; endl – sends a newline to the output stream and flushes the output buffer.
20	cin Assigning values from the keyboard cin >> numOfHomeOnMarket >> avgSellingPrice; >283 634000.99[ENTER] or >283[ENTER] >634000.33[ENTER]
21	Integer Data Types int 32 bits contains whole numbers Ranges from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 double 64 bits Fraction – usually around 14 decimal places Ranges from 10^-308 to 10³⁰⁸ Float 32 bits Fraction Ranges from 10^-38 to 10 ³⁸
22	Format Decimal Point Values double radius = 6.66666667; cout.setf(ios::fixed); cout.setf(ios::showpoint); cout.precision(2); cout << radius << endl;
23	Integer Data Types char 8 bits ASCII character Alphanumeric and punctuation short 16 bits Ranges from -32767 to 32767 long 32 bits Fraction Ranges from ~ -2 billion t0 ~ 2 billion
24	More Data Types bool 8 bits either true or false string Class type Defined in double quotes Must include the <string> library This is not a primitive type
25	Bool int The following actions are possible but generally not recommended! Values of type bool can be assigned to int variables True is stored as 1 (any positive integer) False is stored as 0 Values of type int can be assigned to bool variables Any non-zero integer is stored as true Zero is stored as false
26	Variable Declarations & Assignments Declarations type nameOfTheVar; Assignments nameOfTheVar = someValue; One Statement type nameOfTheVar = someValue;
27	Arithmetic Operators Can be used for literal values and variables (in order of precedence) Parentheses ( ) Multiplication * Division / Modulus % Addition + Subtraction – Same precedence as algebraic operations Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally Operands can be number or variable Calculating Right Circular Cylinder ∏r²h PIE(r r)*h
28	Operator Precedence If you were a computer, what would you give as a result for: y = 2 * 5 * 5 + 3 * 5 + 7;
29
30	Short Hand Operators foo = foo op bar foo op= bar
31	Some Rules If both operands are type int Then the result is an int type 23 * 38 = integer result 23 / 38 = integer result If one of the operands is a double Then the result is a double type 23.56 * 38 = double result 23.56 / 38 = double result 5 / 2.0 = double result
32	Flow of Control cout << "We can output " << "variables values\n"; cout << "12/4 = " << 12/4 << endl; cout << "4+12 = " << 4+12 << endl; cout << "18%4 = " << 18%4 << endl;
33	Sequential Execution
34	If statements if (Boolean Expression) { statement1; statement2; ... } if (Boolean Expression) { statement1; }
35	if structure diagram
36	Comparisons Operators
37	“And” and “Or” Operators The “and” operator && Allow multiple boolean expressions if ((fuel >= 30) && (milesTraveled > 5000)) { thrust; } The “or” operator \|\| Allow multiple boolean expressions if ((fuel >= 30) \|\| (milesTraveled < 5000)) { thrust; }
38	if / else structure
39	if / else structure diagram
40	Loops Repetition statement (iteration statement) Set of statements is executed as long as the condition remains true Pseudocode While there are more items on my shopping list Purchase next item and cross it off my list
41	while structure
42	while structure diagram
43	Do-while structure
44	do-while structure diagram
45	Infinite loops Try to avoid this situation at all costs The end result is abnormal termination of your application THIS IS A BAD THING!!!
46	Increment and Decrement Operators
47	Comments Single line Comments // - single line comment // Name: Brad Rippe // File: Assignment23.cpp // Date: 1/21/07 Multiple line Comments /* … / / Name: Brad Rippe File: Assignment23.cpp Date: 1/21/07 */
48	Constants Program cannot modify the variable Uses the keyword “const” in the declaration Known as the const modifier Identifier is capitalized Words are separated by “_” const double PIE = 3.14159; const string CON_DRIVER = “SQLServerDriver”;
49	Programming Style
50	Course Style Guide
51	Resources Course Web Site http://staffwww.fullcoll.edu/brippe/csci123 Course Style Guide http://staffwww.fullcoll.edu/brippe/csci123/style.aspx Course Syllabus http://staffwww.fullcoll.edu/brippe/csci123/syllabus.aspx Course Schedule (tentative) http://staffwww.fullcoll.edu/brippe/csci123/schedule.aspx