Research Interests and Current Projects

 

A Model of Martial Arts as Public School Curriculum:
Improving Health, Fitness, and Standardized Test Scores

    Numerous studies have indicated a strong link between learning traditional martial arts and increased test scores, modification of behavioral problems, improvement in self-responsibility, and overall positive student development (click on resources at the end of this section for an excellent review of literature). Martial arts have also proven successful in developing total body fitness. With the need for schools to improve test scores, many schools have cut into funding for physical education programs. By instigating a holistic martial art program, districts can address growing health and fitness concerns, while simultaneously improving test scores. The difficulty comes in establishing a model for effectively bringing traditional martial arts into the schools as an adjunct to traditional sports.

   The usual course, if a school is interested in offering martial arts to their students, is in the format of an after school program, either voluntarily run, or contracted with a commercial organization for a fee, often quite high, paid by the parents. There are many shortcomings to this approach. If the program is taught by a volunteer, it becomes impossible for a person to invest large amounts of time, money and education to teach an effective, consistent and organized program. Many talented individuals offer their time to teach on a voluntary basis, but not enough to be effective on a state-wide basis, and results in an even greater shortcoming – it becomes impossible to make the teaching of martial arts an educational profession similar to art, English, math, history, or any other traditional subject.

   Programs offered by commercial for-profit and non-profit organizations are similarly lacking in the inability for the teaching of martial arts to be a long term profession in the field of education. Relatively high class fees are paid by the students, yet the actual instructors are paid relatively little as a livable and professional wage. Both situations result in the ineffective implementation of martial arts in education on a wholesale basis. To this end the current project is to create a model that makes possible the offering of martial arts on a district-wide, and ultimately state and nation-wide basis free to all students, as a fully employable profession, and present this model at the various educational conferences throughout the nation.

Resources

 

 

Tai Chi as an Effective Treatment of Cancer 

    Over the past three years I have had several students with various stages of cancer who have taken Tai Chi in the hopes that it will affect a cure. Two students experienced complete remission, and the third, although her cancer did not disappear, had in certain respects the most dramatic effects. Cancer had spread through most of her body, and doctors at this point had given her about a month left to live. She was taking massive doses of pain pills to control the pain, and conventional treatments were having no effect. So she decided to try Tai Chi. Within weeks she was able to cease taking all pain pills, and continued to take the course with great results for another two semesters, before moving to Montana. Although she did not experience complete remission, she still has hopes, and has made tremendous improvements beyond what doctors believed possible for her current state when she began taking the class. Below are some of the findings and research on cancer and the possible effects of Tai Chi, as well as many of the other health benefits attributed to Tai Chi practice.

Health benefits of Tai Chi as Related to Cancer and Overall Health
(*The below is taken from “Tai Chi – Mind, Body and Spirit.”)                                                                                                  Links to supporting research is provided at the bottom of this article.

   Tai Chi may have more health benefits than just about any other exercise. Many of these health benefits are linked to the flow and usage of oxygen (a.k.a. “chi”) in the body. Increased oxygen flow results from relaxing the tension in the body, which constricts blood flow. Increased oxygen flow helps all the organs in the body to operate more efficiently, including the brain. Increased oxygen in the body can also help to fight off a variety of diseases, including cancer.

  Nobel Prize winner Otto Warburg found that cancer cells occur in areas of oxygen deficiency, and that when the body is rich in oxygen cancer cells die. He found that a prime cause of cancer is the replacement of respiration of oxygen (oxidation of sugar) in normal body cells with fermentation of sugar. Normal body cells meet energy needs by respiration, as opposed to cancer cells which are partial anaerobs, meeting their needs by fermentation. Also significant is that carcinogens (a growing concern in modern society, and seemingly unavoidable in many facets of life) impair cellular respiration directly or indirectly, damaging capillary circulation, further indicating the importance of good respiration in preventing and fighting cancer. This is promising news in regard to Tai Chi practice, since one of the specific focuses of Tai Chi is to maximize oxygen flow in the body. By learning to relax the tension in our bodies, muscles relax and blood vessels dilate, increasing oxygen flow to all parts of the body. During the practice of the Tai Chi form this is often felt as a tingling sensation or warmth in the hands and arms as blood vessels dilate and oxygen floods the extremities. The increased circulation also helps remove toxins that have built up in the body. Relaxing muscle tension can also help lower blood pressure, without using medication or risking side affects.

  Dr. Roger Jahnke, a medical doctor who has done extensive research into the health benefits of Tai Chi, found that the extra oxygen demands of the muscles in regular aerobic exercise not only uses any extra oxygen generated by deeper breathing but can actually result in a deficit. Furthermore, the beneficial healing chemicals created by the body to repair muscle damage typical of most aerobic and anaerobic exercise is primarily used by the muscles. Tai Chi as an exercise differs in that the slow relaxed movements permit the increased oxygen from deep breathing to be utilized by the whole body, with no deficit, while at the same time generating the same healing chemicals that can be used to repair damage tissues other than muscles.

   Tai Chi practice has been shown to increase T-lymphocytes, boosting the immune system, according to a study cited in Prevention Magazine. T-lymphocytes help the immune system to destroy bacteria and possibly even tumor cells. Tai Chi can help to strengthen bone mass and connective tissue, particularly when combined with various chi kung vibratory exercises. In an exciting study with paralytics featured in the L.A. Times, a special machine was used to vibrate and cause low impact jolts to the body to increase bone density in paralyzed people. Not only did the subjects gain increased bone density, but they actually experienced an unexpected side effect – signs of nerve re-growth, some patients experiencing feeling returning in arms and legs. Many of the auxiliary exercises of Tai Chi and Qi Gong replicate the effects of the machine in the study.

   Tai Chi also increases breathing capacity, which in turn lowers the heart rate. Although Tai Chi may not seem to be an aerobic exercise, the energy needed and generated from 30 minutes of slow movement with low stances raises the heart rate 50% during practice, and burns approximately 280 calories per hour, more than surfing and almost as much as downhill skiing. Tai Chi practice can also serve to reduce the buildup of lactic acids in the body. The gentle movements, relaxation, and increased blood and oxygen flow of Tai Chi cleans the body of lactic acid and other harmful toxins, as well as clearing the lymph glands. Since Tai Chi moves the joints of the body through about 95% of its possible range of motion, it serves as a “pump” for our joints, slowly moving fluids about, lubricating the joints and removing calcium deposits, preventing stiff and frozen joints. I regularly pass seniors at donut shops on the way to a park popular for Tai Chi practice. The older people at the donut shops hobble about with canes or walkers, bent with age. This contrasts dramatically with the 60 to 90 year old Tai Chi practitioners I see in the park, moving with the freedom and grace of a child. Daily practice keeps them young and supple, fighting the tendency to become stiff and brittle that results so often from the sedentary lifestyle of modern society. The following is a list of benefits many people have experienced from practicing Tai Chi on a regular basis, documented in a variety of studies:

* Boosts the immune system     * Reduces asthma & allergy reactions   * Slows the aging process     * Improves balance & coordination * Reduces anxiety, depression, & overall mood disturbance    * Helps ensure full range of mobility far into old age.
* Lowers high blood pressure    * Increases breathing capacity   * Enhances body’s natural healing ability & speeds recovery                  * Provides lowest impact weight bearing exercise known  * Alleviates stress responses

(From “The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Tai Chi and Qigong” by Bill Douglas)


   Neuropeptides are chemicals in the body that help to communicate our emotions and can affect the entire body. Every time you get angry, frustrated and stressed out these chemicals flow through the body affecting your heart, brain, circulatory system and organs, which can over time cause a breakdown of bodily systems, from kidney failure to hardening of the arteries. Recent studies have demonstrated that reaction to stress can damage the entire body. It can cause Hypertension, or high blood pressure, which can cause hardening of the arteries, kidney damage and an enlarged heart. Stress limits our ability to think and can even cause the hypothalamus and hippocampus in the brain to shrink. Now that you know that, if you weren’t stressed out before you are now! Which leads you to two choices. Continue getting stressed out in your life, or just Relax. Be calm, centered, and trust in the process of your life and life in general. A state that long term practice of Tai Chi can help generate. No wonder Tai Chi means “the grand ultimate!”


  One Duke University study found that reducing stress in you life can control heart disease even better than exercise. Combining stress management and exercise can give you the best of both worlds, and Tai Chi may effectively do both at the same time. Tai Chi practitioners, in psychological studies, have reported less tension, depression, anger, fatigue, confusion and anxiety. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a chemical in the body important for good health, is exhausted by stress. Low levels have been directly linked to cancer, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, allergies, heart disease and autoimmune diseases. Stress causes the body to exhaust itself of this chemical. If stress can be reduced by Tai Chi then the health benefits are obvious. Tai Chi practice has been shown to boost superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that protects cells from free radicals called super oxides which causes the body to age. Super oxides cause wrinkling, age spots, as well as weak cartilage and joints, and may even be a factor in cancer. Tai Chi masters are well known for their smooth skin and youthful appearance, even well into old age. 


  Women under stress are also subject to greater bone loss. In one study of chronically depressed women it was found that these 40 year old women had the bones of a 70 year old. Combine this with the tendency to lose our sense of balance as we age and you have a recipe for disaster. Tai Chi again can come to the rescue, three fold – as a weight bearing exercise it increases bone mass in the lower extremities, increases balance even better than the most expensive machines, and of course lowers stress.


  People already experiencing health problems may experience an even greater advantage in Tai Chi practice than those in perfect health. If you have inherited a family trait of a bad back, bad knees or other ailment, rather than being a curse this might be seen as a blessing. “Healthy” people have no external motivation to begin or continue a practice, and as they age they develop problems. People who have had a history of a physical ailment early on however, are motivated to practice no matter what, for every time they stop they suffer. And so over time develop a daily habit of Tai Chi that keeps them young and healthy even into old age. Tai Chi lore abounds with the examples of famous Tai Chi practitioners that developed high levels of skill out of the necessity of illness or poor health. Chen Man Ch’ing, one of the most famous, was told he had only months to live as a result of T.B. Sickly as a boy he was not expected to live. Out of desperation, he began Tai Chi – eight hours a day seven days a week! He lived to age 78 and attributed his poor genes to his mastery. Every time he ceased practice he lapsed into illness. Death can be a great motivator.


  Ideally, inner wisdom, discipline and a desire to be pain free and mobile even into old age will motivate you into the practice of some form of daily exercise. But since human nature is often less than perfect, when you start feeling the twinges of age, your blood pressure or weight is rising, or any physical ailment arises, see this not as a curse but as a blessing. We all grow old, and sooner or later your body will send you warning signs. Listen to them, respond to them, not with drugs (taking into account a doctors advice and medical needs) which often covers up the symptoms, but with Tai Chi, which can both alleviate and prevent many of the problems of old age. Thomas Edison predicted over a hundred years ago that care of the human frame would come to replace the use of medicine in human ailments. His invention of the electric light bulb is in every house and business in the modern world. Hopefully one day his prediction of health giving exercises such as Tai Chi will one day become as prevalent, solving the current health care crisis and dependence on drugs. If you would maximize your own health now and head off disabilities before they start, begin a daily dose of Tai Chi today and everyday.

Most of the above information was taken from studies listed in the following sites: